Electric house heater



vMm'd 21,'1933. E. F. HoLlNGER ELECTRIC HOUSE HEATER Filed May 27, 19302 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR f/m/ /-/o//lyeff B ATTORNEY March 21, 1933. EE HOLLNGER 1,902,074

` ELECTRIC HOUSEv HEATER Filed May 27, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 02a OOO@ xS l '1 t INVENTOR l .fm/7 F. o//fje/t ATTCRNEY Patented Mar. 21, 19233UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EMIL F. HOLINGER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AS

CORPORATION, 0F NEW YORK, N.

ELECTRIC HOUSE HEATER Application led May 27, 1930. Serial No. 456,033.

This invention relates generally to the heating of rooms or compartmentsof any kind, but is more specifically designed for the production of anefficient form of heater which may be either built in portable form orinstalled in a wall cavity, and in either case heat the adjacent airalmost entirely by convection. As is well known, a fine wire or ribbonresistor in an electric heater gives off a considerable percentage ofits liberated heat by radiation, the warming effect of which decreasesas the square of the distance from the source. The result is thatpersons near such heater are liable to have their garments scorched,while those a little distance away do not get sufficient heat. The

object of the present invention is to .apply all such radiant heat tothe warming of air currents thereby produced, so that the entireatmosphere of the room to be heated is raised in temperature to anequable degree by convection. To this end the resistor, preferablyarranged in vertically elongated form, is surrounded by a sheet ofcorrugated metal, or other heat absorbing material, which is loopedabout the resistor so as to form a' short, open ended, verticallyarranged conduit with corrugations running lengthwise of the wallsthereof. This sheathing receives the radiant heat and transmits it tothe divided currents of air liowing up along said corrugations and thenspreading about the room in which the heater is located, evenly warmingthe same.

In the accompanying two sheets of drawings are illustrated twoarrangements of the invention, one forming a portable heater whichstands on the floor, and the other adapted to be installed in a Wallcavity. In said drawings: l

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the portable heater with parts broken awayand others shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a wall heater with parts broken away andothers shown in section.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4 4 of Fig. 3, and

'low `and filled Fig. 5 is a vertical section on line 5-5 of either Fig.3 or 4.

Throughout the drawings like reference characters indicate like parts.Referring t0 Figs. 1 and 2, a tabouret heater is there shown having thevertically arranged cylindrical outer shell l, the lower end of which issupported away from the floor by feet 2, 2. There is a top plate 3preferably made holwith asbestos or other nonheat-conducting material.Also a similar plate 5 may be supported above and spaced away from plate3 by ornamental spacing 1lements 4, 4. This may serve as a tabouret Thecylinder l has openings 23, 23, in its walls near either end which maybe given an ornamental outline. Copper, polished brass or chromiumplated steel may be used for also making exposed parts of the structurecombine to produce an artistic effect. Within the shell 1 are locatedone or more elongated resistor units of any preferred construction, asindicated generally at 9, 9. These units are held together by top andbottom baiile plates 10 and 12, and are supported by projections 8, 8,from the shell interior. These projections may be metal strips also bentdownward to form the legs 2, 2, as shown in Fig. 1.

11 is a piece of corrugated sheathing, of heat absorbing and conductingmaterial. such as metal, looped to form a substantially cylindrical,open-ended, short, vertically extending conduit in which the resistorunits 9, 9, are placed. The top and bottom baffle plates l0 and 12 donot extend beyond the inner apices of the corrugations so that there areformed a series of vertical, open-ended channels surrounding theresistor units, through which channels air may flow as indicated by thearrows in Fig. 1 and thereby receive heat radiated from the resistorsand absorbed by the corrugated sheathing, to be promptly given up to theair so passing along both the inner and outer channels formed by suchcorrugations.

7 is an inverted cone, preferably made of' polished metal, the base ofwhich fills the top of the cylindrical shell 1 and serves to deiiect therising air currents to the openings 23 in the top of the shell throughwhich the warmed air is distributed about the room. As this coneprevents direct access of heat to the top plate 3, and the spaced awaytop plate 5 is separated from plate 3 by an air space, little heat iscarried to plate 5, sothat objects may be placed on it, as on anordinary tabouret, without being heated above room temperature. Currentis supplied to the resistors 9, 9, by cable 15, so that the heater maybe moved about the room as a unit and placed in whatever location ismost desirable, or which is to be more effectively heated.

Referring to Figs. 3, 4 and 5, a similar elongated resistor unit 9, orseries thereof, may be installed in a cavity '16 in the building wall 18and hidden from view by an ornamental cover plate 19. Preferably suchplate is bulgedoutwardly from the cavity 16, as clearly shown in Figs. 4and 5, and provided with air passage openings 24, near its upper andlower edges, this bringing said openings in the inclined portions of theplate 19. As shown, the three resistor units 9, 9, are here supported bybrackets 21, 21, which may be riveted or welded to the metal lining 22,of cavity 16. The space between said lining 22 and the wall 18 may befilled with loose asbestos fibre or other heat insulating material, asindicated at 17 in Figs. 4 and 5.

11a is corrugated sheathing looped about the 4resistor units, aspreviously described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, and'20, 20, areelongated top and bottom bame plates, the outer edges of which do notextend beyond the inner apices of the corrugations. This leaves, asbefore, a plurality of vertical air channels open at the top and bottomformed by the corrugations of sheathing 11a along which air may flow inpassing from the lower cover plate openings 24 up to the upper openings24, as shown by the arrows in Fig. 5. Either of the above describedembodiments of the invention will form an efhcient heater for raisingthe temperature of the entire atmosphere of the room to an elfectiveextent, while no unpleasantly high temperature is produced in theimmediate neighborhood of the heater.

Various changes could be made in the details of construction describedand illustrated without departing from the underlying principle of theinvention, as hereinbefore ex'- plained. Other forms of resistor unitcould be employed, the form of outer casing varied, and the manner ofsupporting the units modilied so long as' the feature of the corrugatedsheathing surrounding said units is retained and so disposed as to forminner and outer channels for upwardly flowing currents of heated air.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. An electric heater comprising a resistor unit and a surroundingcasing therefor comprising a substantially continuous loop of corrugatedsheathing, the corrugations of which are arranged vertically to form airpassages open at the top and bottom combined with balie plates locatedat the top and bottom of said sheathing but not extending beyond theinner apices of the corrugations therein.

2. An electric heater apparatus comprising, in combination, an outerenvelope having perforations in its walls near the upper and lower edgesthereof, and an inner casing of corrugated sheathing arranged to form aconduit with longitudinally corrugated walls, said corrugationsextending vertically and said conduit having its upper end below thelevel of the openings in the upper portion of the outer envelope walland its lower end above the openings in the lower portion of said4walls, together with a resistor unit mounted in said corrugated conduit;whereby air entering the lower wall openings of the outer envelope mayflow up along the channels on both the inside and outside of saidconduit formed by corrugations therein, and escape through the upperopening in the' envelope wall.

3. A structure such as defined in claim combined with an inclined bafflemember lo.- cated above the upper end of said conduit and adapted toguide the heated air currents to said exit openings in the envelopewall.

4. A structure such as defined in claim 2 combined with baliie plateslocated at the ends of said conduit but not extending bcyond the innerapices of the corrugations therein.

5. ln an electric heater the combination of a resistor unit, asurrounding casing therefor comprising a substantially continuous loop`of corrugated sheathing the corrugations of which are arrangedvertically to form air passages open at the top and bottom and a secondexterior casing spaced away from the first and having tapering top andbottom portions whereby it is adapted to be partially nested in a recessin the wall of a building, the upper and lower then exposed portions ofsaid second casing having perforations for the passage of airtherethrough to and from the vertical heating channels formed by thehereinbefore described structure.

6. In a portable electric heater the combination of a cylindricalfoutershell rhaving openings near each end, an inner casing of corrugatedsheathing arranged to form a substantially cylindrical, longitudinallycorrugated conduit, with open ends, extending lengthwise of saidcylindrical shell, an elongated resistor unit located in said conduitand extending substantially parallel to the axis thereof, and balfleplates extending part way across each end of said conduit, but leavingthe ends of channels formed by the corrugations therein open.

7. In a portable electrical heater the combination of a verticallydisposed cylindrical outer shell having its upper end closed, andopenings near each end thereof, an inner casing of corrugated sheathing'arranged to form a substantially cylindrical, longitudinally corrugatedconduit, with open ends, extending lengthwise of said cylindrical shell,an elongated resistor unit located in said conduit and extendingsubstantially parallel to the axis thereof, and a disc supported, butspaced away from, the upper end of said outer cylindrical'shell, andshort supporting legs attached to its other end;

whereby the structure may also besed as a stool.

8. In a portable electric heater the combii nation of a cylindricalouter shell having openings near each end, an inne-r casing'ofcorrugated sheathing arranged to form a substantially cylindrical,longitudinally corrugated conduit, with open ends, extending lengthwiseof said cylindrical shell, an elongated resistor unit located in saidconduit and extending substantially parallel to the axis thereof, and areentrant cone located in one end of said cylindrical shell; whereby,when the structure is supported in position with that end uppermost,upwardlyl'lowing currents of air will be deflected by said cone to theopenings in the wall of the shell located near the base of the invertedcone, together with a disc supportedl and spaced away from the same endof said shell.

Signed at New York city in the county of New York and State of New Yorkthis 10th day of May, A. D. 1930. y

EMIL F. HOLINGER.

